RabbitMQ快速使用
安装
docker run --name rabbitmq \
-p 5672:5672 \
-p 15672:15672 \
--network hm-net \
--hostname my-rabbit \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=user \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=password \
-v mq_plugins:/plugins \
-d rabbitmq:3.8-management
Spring Boot 集成
发送者
- 发送者超时重连(异步)配置
spring:
application:
name: publisher
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.208.128
port: 5672
username: user
password: password
virtual-host: /hmall
# 发送confirm机制
publisher-confirm-type: correlated
publisher-returns: true
# 重试机制
template:
retry:
enabled: true
max-attempts: 3
initial-interval: 1000
max-interval: 10000
multiplier: 2
server:
port: 7081
- 使用配置:
- 配置消息转化服务,默认是JDK序列化,不易读,占用空间大。兼容性不高
@Bean
public MessageConverter messageConverter() {
Jackson2JsonMessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter = new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
jackson2JsonMessageConverter.setCreateMessageIds(true);
return jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
}
- 设置消息发送回调
回调有两种情况,一是到了交换机就会返回confirm信息,如果没有到达队列,将会回调ReturnsCallback,此时一般是运维层面的问题
image.png|600
public void init() {
rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(
(ReturnedMessage returned) -> {
System.out.println("消息丢失: " + returned.getMessage());
}
);
rabbitTemplate.setBeforePublishPostProcessors((message) -> {
MessageProperties messageProperties = message.getMessageProperties();
String messageId = messageProperties.getMessageId();
System.out.println("messageId: " + messageId);
return message;
});
}
JAVA API使用
- 带回调的使用:
public void testRabiitStart() throws InterruptedException {
CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1");
// 设置回调
rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData1, ack, cause) -> {
System.out.println("cause: " + cause);
System.out.println("correlationData: " + correlationData1);
if (ack) {
System.out.println("消息发送成功");
} else {
System.out.println("消息发送失败");
}
});
// 队列名
String queueName = "queue.lyw";
// 发送消息, 如果没有队列会自动创建
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.lyw", queueName, "hello rabbitmq", correlationData);
}
- 延迟队列使用
public void testRabiitMqDelayMessage() {
CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("delay.direct", "delay.queue", "hello rabbitmq delay",
(Message message) -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setDelayLong(10000L);
return message;
}
, correlationData);
}
消费者
spring配置
spring:
application:
name: publisher
rabbitmq:
host: 192.168.208.128
port: 5672
username: user
password: password
virtual-host: /hmall
listener:
simple:
# 表示自动回应,当发送异常,将重试,重试不成功发送到死信队列(三种策略)
acknowledge-mode: auto
retry:
enabled: true
max-attempts: 3
initial-interval: 1000
max-interval: 10000
multiplier: 2
stateless: true
server:
port: 7082
创建交换机、队列、绑定关系
@Bean
public DirectExchange directExchange() {
return new DirectExchange("direct.lyw");
}
@Bean
public Queue queue() {
return new Queue("queue.lyw");
}
@Bean
public Binding binding(Queue queue, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(fanoutExchange);
}
创建消息监听
@RabbitListener(queues = "work.queue1")
public void onMessageWorkerQueue2(String message) throws InterruptedException {
Thread.sleep(200);
Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
log.info("工作队列2接收到消息: {},时间:{},线程{}", message, LocalDateTime.now(), thread.getName());
}
死信队列的初始化 当到达重试次数后,有三种策略,分别为

image.png|600
@Bean
public MessageRecoverer republishMessageRecoverer(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate){
return new RepublishMessageRecoverer(rabbitTemplate, "error.direct", "error");
}
延迟队列的使用
安装插件(github) rabbitmq/rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange: Delayed Messaging for RabbitMQ (github.com) 复制插件到插件文件夹 安装插件
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
创建交换机、队列、绑定关系
@Bean
public Queue delayQueue() {
return new Queue("delay.queue");
}
@Bean
public DirectExchange delayExchange() {
return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange("delay.direct").delayed().durable(true).build();
}
@Bean Binding delayBinding(Queue delayQueue, DirectExchange delayExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(delayQueue).to(delayExchange).with("delay.queue");
}
发送消息
@Test
public void testRabiitMqDelayMessage() {
CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1");
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("delay.direct", "delay.queue", "hello rabbitmq delay",
(Message message) -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setDelayLong(10000L);
return message;
}
, correlationData);
}
@Test
public void testRabiitMqDelayMessage2() {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("delay.direct", "delay.queue", "1812793267355439105", message -> {
message.getMessageProperties().setDelayLong(10000L);
return message;
});
}
消费延迟消息:和普通队列一致